SAWE Technical Papers

@inproceedings{3793,

title = {3793. Effects of Mass and Pitch Moment of Inertia on Vehicle Suspension Design With Race Car Example},

author = {Pietro Stabile and Federico Ballo and Giorgio Previati},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-3793},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-05-20},

urldate = {2023-05-20},

booktitle = {82nd Annual Conference, Cocoa Beach, Florida},

pages = {11},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Cocoa Beach, Florida},

abstract = {The present paper addresses the topic of studying the influence of the main vehicle inertia parameters on the suspension design. A simple four degrees-of-freedom half-car model is used to describe the dynamic behaviour of vehicles running on randomly profiled roads. The response of the system is analysed by evaluating three performance indexes, namely driver discomfort, road holding and working space, referring to the standard deviations of driver seat vertical acceleration, force at ground and relative displacement between wheels, respectively. The effect of varying wheel mass, vehicle mass, centre of gravity longitudinal location and pitch moment of inertia on the three performance indexes is investigated. The proposed approach is applied to the design of the suspension system of a vehicle conceived for efficiency-based competitions. Based on these results, considerations on the best location for battery pack and ballast are drawn.},

keywords = {Ground Vehicles, Student Papers},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{3787,

title = {3787. Small Satellites Launcher Mass Properties Estimation for Design Efficiency Improvement in Preliminary Conceptual Phase},

author = {Rubén González-González and Dr. Andrés García-Pérez and Dr. Gustavo Alonso-Rodrigo},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-3787},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-05-20},

urldate = {2023-05-20},

booktitle = {82nd Annual Conference, Cocoa Beach, Florida},

pages = {23},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Cocoa Beach, Florida},

abstract = {The aim of this paper is to introduce the current research at “Universidad Politécnica de Madrid” to increase the design efficiency of small space launchers in the preliminary conceptual phases based on a new approach in MBSE methodology that introduces efficient and fast simulations reducing their costs by finding an optimal balance with design weights. 

In the last decade, the nano and micro satellites market has emerged as the most promising in the space sector with a profit of $143.7M in 2017 and a growth forecast of 13.43% until 2023 [1]. Despite this significant market growth, the current supply of launching services offer for these small payloads is almost non-existent and satellites manufacturers must share rides as secondary customers on larger heavy launchers, what often causes schedule and targeted orbit conflicts. Because of this market demand, over the past few years many small companies have started plans to develop small launchers but only RocketLab was successful with its Electron launcher (a two-stage-to-orbit launcher with 225kg payload capacity to Low-Earth-Orbits at 185km) reaching orbital injection several times and presenting a public service. However, Electron ́s launch price is around $33k/kg, far away from initial SpaceX Falcon1 2008 offer (11k$/kg) [2]. This market analysis demonstrates the urgent need for finding a design solution that will let to present a competitive small launcher offer.},

keywords = {Missiles and Space - Launch Vehicles, Student Papers},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{3795,

title = {3795. Aerostructural Weight Estimation for a Transonic Truss-Braced Wing Using the Higher-Fidelity Conceptual Design and Structural Optimization Tool},

author = {Zachary Windous and Jesse R. Quinlan},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-3795},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-05-20},

urldate = {2023-05-20},

booktitle = {82nd Annual Conference, Cocoa Beach, Florida},

pages = {11},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Cocoa Beach, Florida},

abstract = {Continued development and enhancements of the Higher-fidelity Conceptual Design and structural optimization (HCDstruct) tool have been driven largely by advanced aircraft concepts of interest to NASA. While previous versions of HCDstruct were limited to hybrid wing body (HWB) and generalized tube and wing (TW) aircraft concepts, the latest version of HCDstruct supports the analysis of Truss-Braced Wing (TBW) aircraft concepts, enabling users to model both high and low wing configurations as well as strut and jury geometries parametrically. Additionally, new methods for modeling advanced composite materials within HCDstruct have been implemented. These recent tool enhancements were demonstrated for an independent assessment of the NASA/Boeing SUGAR Phase VI Mach 0.8 Transonic Truss-Braced Wing (TTBW) concept.},

keywords = {Aircraft},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{3794,

title = {3794. The Mass Properties Function during The Aircraft Interior Outfitting},

author = {Luis A. Lopez},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-3794},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-05-20},

urldate = {2023-05-20},

booktitle = {82nd Annual Conference, Cocoa Beach, Florida},

pages = {20},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Cocoa Beach, Florida},

abstract = {Outfitting is defined as the introduction and physical addition of custom furnishings, cabin entertainment systems, cabin insulation, acoustics materials, seats, and others to a “green aircraft”, a plane without interiors or other components at a completion center facility per customer definition. 

By its nature, outfitting will vary from one aircraft to another, depending on number of seats, degree of function or luxury elements and location of interior components. Mass properties are the physical properties of an object that describe all its mass, center of gravity, and moment of inertia. These properties are impacted when outfitting interiors are introduced in the aircraft as they are typically the last step of the manufacturing build on an aircraft, however they will influence and define the final performance and handling of an aircraft. 

The intention of this paper is to explore the aircraft interiors outfitting activity as it relates to the Completions Mass Properties Engineer function and its effects at the final build. 

We briefly explore areas that are related to the completions function from the mass properties perspective. We will use simple terms to highlight the important responsibility of the Mass Properties Engineer in the outfitting final phase’s role on a typical OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer). A discipline that is not well understood by colleagues and the public in general due to the specialized nature of the work.},

keywords = {Aircraft},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{3792,

title = {3792. Road Accident Reconstruction: The Role of the Inertia Properties},

author = {Massimiliano Gobbi and Gianpiero Mastinu and Giorgio Previati},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-3792},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-05-20},

urldate = {2023-05-20},

booktitle = {82nd Annual Conference, Cocoa Beach, Florida},

pages = {15},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Cocoa Beach, Florida},

abstract = {The reconstruction of car accidents is a critical step in understanding the causes of an accident and, in case, for attributing responsibilities. Therefore, the reconstruction must be realized by considering all of the possible sources of error and misrepresentation. Since such activity relies on dynamic models of the colliding vehicles, mass properties (mass, centre of gravity location, inertia tensor) play a crucial role. 

The present papers aims to quantify the requirements in the knowledge of the inertia properties for a proper reconstruction of car accidents. The analysis is performed with reference to the case of two colliding vehicles. After a detailed description of the model employed for the reconstruction, dynamic simulation are utilized to assess the required accuracy, with particular reference to the effects of the uncertainty in mass, longitudinal location of the centre of gravity and yaw moment of inertia. It turns out that even relatively small errors in the definition of such parameters can lead to large errors in the reconstruction of the state of the colliding vehicles before the accident. Also, the variation in the inertia properties of the vehicles due to the crash is investigated. Engineers involved in car accident reconstruction should be aware of the importance of correctly estimate the inertia properties of vehicle, both before and after the accident, to obtain a correct estimation of the actual dynamic of the accident.},

keywords = {Ground Vehicles},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{3791,

title = {3791. Reverse Engineering the Mass Properties of a Civil Aviation Aircraft},

author = {Darrin McCloud},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-3791},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-05-20},

urldate = {2023-05-20},

booktitle = {82nd Annual Conference, Cocoa Beach, Florida},

pages = {22},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Cocoa Beach, Florida},

abstract = {In Mid-2017 I started my first project taking a certified civilian aircraft and turning it into a special mission aircraft while working in a small consultant company. This was not a small project, it involved numerous airframes and significant aerodynamic and secondary structural modifications in addition to a completely new cabin layout with equipment installed throughout the cabin. This project was being run and integrated by a large, well known US company, but they subcontracted out the aircraft portion, including structural modifications and certification to a smaller Modification Center company. Due to contract issues, the Original Manufacturer (OEM) would not be supporting any of the modification efforts. My company, which specializes in static and dynamic loads certification, was subcontracted for Loads certification and would need to have complete aerodynamic and mass properties data for both the standard and modified aircraft to be able to show compliance with all the applicable Federal Airworthiness Regulations (FARs). As the sole mass properties engineer on the program, I would be entirely responsible for creating detailed mass properties for an aircraft while only using the paperwork that comes with a customer aircraft and any public information available on the internet or in print. This paper will document the system that was devised, and has continued to be used on numerous other projects, where detailed mass properties data is needed for customer certification issues without the benefit of any OEM engineering reports.},

keywords = {Aircraft - Commercial},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{3789,

title = {3789. Efficient Algorithms for Computing Mass Properties of Finite Elements},

author = {Mark Beyer},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-3789},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-05-20},

urldate = {2023-05-20},

booktitle = {82nd Annual Conference, Cocoa Beach, Florida},

pages = {14},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Cocoa Beach, Florida},

abstract = {Support for finite element model (FEM) data and methods is an important enabler in next-generation weights management systems. Coordinated efforts between Weights Management and simulation teams using FEM data and methods can accelerate mass model maturity in conceptual and preliminary design before detailed CAD representations are available. Accelerated maturity of mass data can reduce engineering design cycles and rework. 

Next-generation methods can also help automate the conformity of mass data from the Weights Management system of record into downstream simulation models saving structural engineers 1000s of hours of modeling effort. Substantiating conformity of mass properties in simulation models is a growing requirement as the industry shifts toward reliance of simulation to demonstrate regulatory compliance. 

Incorporation of FEM into weights management methods also promotes greater cross-functional mobility and understanding between Weights Management and simulation engineering disciplines. 

Finally, this paper documents the derivation of efficient computation of mass properties of finite elements including tetrahedron, pyramid, pentahedron, hexahedron, and plate elements. The approach uses the Divergence theorem to simplify integration of element volumes to computing mass terms from element faces. The algorithms are developed using Mathematica and presented in Modern Fortran. The author believes these algorithms to be an important contribution to our aerospace community knowledge base.},

keywords = {Cross Industry},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{3788,

title = {3788. Next-Generation Weights Management},

author = {Mark Beyer and Victor Graham},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-3788},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-05-20},

urldate = {2023-05-20},

booktitle = {82nd Annual Conference, Cocoa Beach, Florida},

pages = {16},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Cocoa Beach, Florida},

abstract = {Weights management is an essential science in all transportation industry segments where vehicle development schedule details, manufacturing costs, technical risks, and weight are traded to optimize value to the customer. Next-generation weights management systems connect and create value in ways not previously possible, and address requirements in all phases of product development, manufacturing, and commercial operation. Measures of successful weight management systems include the ability to enable data-driven decisions as early as possible in vehicle life cycle development and maximize the value of all enterprise mass property data assets. This paper spotlights capabilities of a next-generation weights management system, and a manufacturer's motivation to transition their business processes. Motivation to consider Beyer Flight Sciences Weight Management system include realizing opportunities to accelerate the maturity of distributed mass properties on new design projects to reduce design rework, and to automate the conformity of simulation models with mass property updates where used to demonstrate regulatory compliance.},

keywords = {Cross Industry},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{3786,

title = {3786. Incorporating Non-Random Mass Properties Uncertainties},

author = {John Nakai},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-3786},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-05-20},

urldate = {2023-05-20},

booktitle = {82nd Annual Conference, Cocoa Beach, Florida},

pages = {74},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Cocoa Beach, Florida},

abstract = {Mass properties uncertainty analysis is used to compute uncertainty intervals for a system’s mass, center of mass, moments of inertia, and products of inertia. These uncertainty intervals are typically defined as plus and minus confidence level ranges about the mean (or predicted nominal) value. A comprehensive mass properties uncertainty analysis involves an assessment of all the factors that can cause variations of the mass and distribution of mass in the system. This assessment requires the Mass Properties Engineer to consider all the potential error sources, how each error source could affect the system, and how to properly combine the uncertainties of the system’s components to compute the total system’s mass properties uncertainties. This paper discusses both random and non-random sources of mass properties uncertainties. It presents examples of various manufacturing, economic, and environmental factors to consider, and discusses how to identify and characterize the types of uncertainties these factors may cause. Methods and algorithms to account for both random and non-random mass properties uncertainties in a system are presented.},

keywords = {Cross Industry},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{3782,

title = {3782. Mass Properties Control Plan - Elements for an Industry Standard},

author = {William Boze},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-3782},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-05-20},

urldate = {2023-05-20},

booktitle = {82nd Annual Conference, Cocoa Beach, Florida},

pages = {25},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Cocoa Beach, Florida},

abstract = {Webster dictionary defines “Plan” as “an intention or decision about what one is going to do”. This paper outlines the prescribed intentions during the acquisition phase of a product lifecycle to achieve the intended vehicle mass properties characteristics that contribute towards the desired vehicle performance within a defined set of operational parameters. 

Since the mass properties community uses weight and mass properties terms interchangeably in general reference, the term Mass Properties versus weight is more accurate and appropriate and will be utilized throughout this paper.},

keywords = {SAWE Inc.},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{3773,

title = {3773. SAWE’s New Technical Paper “Groups”},

author = {Andreas Schuster},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-3773},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-05-20},

urldate = {2023-05-20},

booktitle = {82nd Annual Conference, Cocoa Beach, Florida},

pages = {22},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Cocoa Beach, Florida},

abstract = {Over the last 80 years, all SAWE technical papers are indexed by a Category system to make searches easier. The current index has evolved to meet the needs of the authors and researchers. However, some of the categories have become outdated as technology has changed, like categories are not grouped together, and there is no definition of what goes into a specific category. The SAWE Technical Committee under the leadership of the VP-Technical Director completed a project to modernize the quick search capability of Category indexing and to define the content of each category. This paper presents the “Group” indexing listing, considerations of alternative group and categories and the implementation steps that are required over the next few years. The title Group is used to differentiate it from the legacy Category index and to mitigate the use of “new Category”, since in 20 years it will be old too.},

keywords = {SAWE Inc.},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{3764,

title = {3764. Technical Authority: What, Why, and How},

author = {David Tellet and Christine Wujick},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-3764},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-05-21},

urldate = {2022-05-21},

booktitle = {81st Annual Conference, Savannah, Georgia},

pages = {26},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Savannah, Georgia},

abstract = {Technical authority is a concept where the engineering management hier- archy is separate from the program management hierarchy. The intent of this organizational structure is to insulate engineering calculations and decisions from financial and schedule influences so engineering quality can be preserved. This paper looks at the technical authority structure and process within the US Navy acquisition and engineering directorates and discusses why this system was established and how it works (and doesn’t) in real programs. 

The discussion of technical authority focuses on mass properties of a major submarine acquisition program but also includes insight from the other side: the viewpoint of technical authority from the deputy program manager of that program. Together the paper provides insights and examples of why maintain- ing technical authority is important and also how compromises are navigated between good engineering and good program management.},

keywords = {16. Weight Engineering - Organization},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{3763,

title = {3763. MauSPAF: Design of an Open-Source Mass Properties Management Framework},

author = {M. Nuño and K. Schröder},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-3763},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-05-21},

urldate = {2022-05-21},

booktitle = {81st Annual Conference, Savannah, Georgia},

pages = {18},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Savannah, Georgia},

abstract = {In this paper, an open-source mass properties calculation and management created using Python 3 is presented. The program implements uncertainty calculations using Monte Carlo simulations, mass properties calculations and basic tree structures. It also includes a library with aircraft mass estimation and calculation functions for simple geometrical shapes. To argument the design decisions, a thorough review of available literature about mass calculation tools is performed.},

keywords = {12. Weight Engineering - Computer Applications, Student Papers},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{3761,

title = {3761. Estimating Mass Moments of Inertia – A Quick Check Method},

author = {Damian P. Yañez},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-3761},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-05-21},

urldate = {2022-05-21},

booktitle = {81st Annual Conference, Savannah, Georgia},

pages = {14},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Savannah, Georgia},

abstract = {Mass Moments of Inertia (MOI) are important and often critical components of the mass properties of a vehicle, but many Mass Properties Engineers tend to focus only on weight and center of gravity (CG), and have limited exposure to these other, rotational properties. In this paper, I present a brief overview of MOI, why they are important, and a method for quickly estimating the MOI of a part, subassembly, or assembly. This method is particularly useful when reviewing CAD calculations or a supplier’s mass properties reports in which you don’t have visibility into the details to ensure that the results are reasonable. You can also use this technique to make a quick MOI estimate for trade studies. While there are some limitations to this method which are described in this paper, this technique will get you in the ballpark and increase your confidence that the rotational properties of your vehicle are properly represented.},

keywords = {05. Inertia Calculations, 25. Weight Engineering - System Estimation},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{3745,

title = {3745. Weight Management for Onshore Modular Construction},

author = {Robert J Hundl},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-3745},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-05-21},

urldate = {2022-05-21},

booktitle = {81st Annual Conference, Savannah, Georgia},

pages = {38},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Savannah, Georgia},

abstract = {This weight management paper will become a chapter in a larger document on Onshore modular construction that is being put together by the Process Industries Practices (PIP) Civil, Structures, and Architectural (CSA) Task Team #3 committee. This committee is composed of various engineering construction companies, logistics companies, and owner operator companies. This weight management chapter has been largely authored by myself with inputs and discussions with various PIP committee members and Fluor colleagues. (see the Acknowledgement section at the end of the paper for a full listing of the committee membership and Fluor colleagues) 

Weight Management is a critical aspect of On-Shore Modular Construction. The purpose of this document is to provide guidance on weight management activities as related to various types of on- shore modular projects. This type of construction requires that the modules be transported from the fabrication yard to the project site. The fabrication yard may be located relatively close to the project site requiring only land transportation or it may be located very distant requiring land and ocean transportation.},

keywords = {35. Weight Engineering - Offshore},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{3738,

title = {3738. Aft Perpendicular... An Afterthought?},

author = {Scott Daley and Rob Dvorak and Matt Marburger},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-3738},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-05-21},

urldate = {2022-05-21},

booktitle = {81st Annual Conference, Savannah, Georgia},

pages = {12},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Savannah, Georgia},

abstract = {How do you define the length of a ship? What is the definition of aft perpendicular? From the Principles of Naval Architecture (PNA), the definition for the location of the aft perpendicular “is at the aft side of the rudder post, centerline of the rudder stock, or at the intersection of the design waterline with the aft end of the vessel.” However, for U.S. submarines, the location of the aft perpendicular has not always followed PNA’s definition. The location for a submarine’s aft perpendicular has been at the end of the thrust device or at an outdated feature. This paper will examine the technical details, design maturity and timeline, and implications of how the aft perpendicular on a submarine is defined.},

keywords = {13. Weight Engineering - Marine},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{3779,

title = {3779. Determining the Center of Gravity of the Electric No Emissions Low Drag Airframe (NELDA)},

author = {Christl K. Haley},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-3779},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-05-21},

urldate = {2022-05-21},

booktitle = {81st Annual Conference, Savannah, Georgia},

pages = {27},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Savannah, Georgia},

abstract = {Although climate change has become an impending issue for all of humanity, it has brought nations together to design and create a variety of systems that leave little to no carbon footprint. The No Emission Low Drag Airframe (NELDA) is a unique electric aircraft design which aims to join this world-wide mission. The author (the airframe design lead) and her senior design team from the University of Colorado Boulder spent the fall semester of 2021 designing this commuter aircraft. NELDA can fly 6 passengers at a cruise altitude of 12,000 ft MSL, at a cruise speed of 150 knots for 1.5 hours with a 30-minute reserve, making this a perfect aircraft for short, direct flights. The characteristics for this aircraft aim to be certified under Federal Aviation Regulation (FAR) 23 to ensure the safety of every passenger. Multiple trade studies were conducted to determine the design choices that make up this innovative aircraft. These studies resulted in an aft-mid-mounted wing, a canard, fixed tricycle landing gear, butterfly doors, and a pusher-propeller powertrain configuration. The specific energy, density, volume, and weight of the electric powertrain were estimated using a 5-year prediction for solid-state batteries. Since these batteries do not exist today, it was very challenging to accurately model and place the power system. The range and endurance of NELDA were used to determine the volume, number, and weight of the batteries. The safety of passengers, size of the batteries, and functionality of each battery were all considered while determining where and how to place the batteries among the other major components of NELDA. Additionally, it was critical to strategically place each of the components to achieve an acceptable static margin of 10%, as well as predictable dynamic and static flight characteristics. The designers of NELDA believe that their successful commuter electric airplane design will be part of the beginning of new, improved, clean aerial transportation.},

keywords = {03. Center Of Gravity, 10. Weight Engineering - Aircraft Design, Student Papers},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{3778,

title = {3778. Mass Properties in Manufacturing},

author = {William Boze},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-3778},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-05-21},

urldate = {2022-05-21},

booktitle = {81st Annual Conference, Savannah, Georgia},

pages = {11},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Savannah, Georgia},

abstract = {In a vehicle acquisition program, there is a myriad of groups that use mass properties data and require Mass Properties Engineering support. The user group may vary from product to product. However, almost every product’s Performance, Structures, Loads, Tooling, Manufacturing, Costing, Shipping, and Marketing groups, along with many others, all require accurate mass properties in one form or another (SAWE, 2003). This paper will highlight specifically where mass properties data is utilized by various groups in the planning and construction of a ship, while providing an overview of the manufacturing, construction, assembly, and testing process. While this paper addresses how mass properties data is used in ship production, similar data furnished by the mass properties group is utilized in the construction of aircraft, spacecraft, offshore platforms, and ground transportation vehicles.},

keywords = {17. Weight Engineering - Procedures},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{3776,

title = {3776. Harnessing Historical Company Data for Estimating Weights of Customized Commercial Workboats},

author = {Chandan Deol and Lindsay Johnston},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-3776},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-05-21},

urldate = {2022-05-21},

booktitle = {81st Annual Conference, Savannah, Georgia},

pages = {33},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Savannah, Georgia},

abstract = {Robert Allan Ltd., Canada’s most senior Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering firm, specializes in the design of ship-handling tugs and other workboats for a global clientele. On average one to two vessels designed by the firm are launched every week. Almost every vessel is tailored to meet the needs of the client, even if it is based on one of several common hull types. This design flexibility presents a challenge when it comes to estimating weights efficiently and accurately. 

Fortunately, Robert Allan Ltd. can draw on a significant historical database that can be leveraged when estimating vessel weights and centers of gravity for new projects. Over the last six years, the weight engineering team has worked to build a more efficient, rigorous, consistent, and accurate weight estimating procedure for tugs and other commercial workboats while still allowing for client-driven design customization. 

This paper summarizes the process of collecting and utilizing historical data to develop a tool to estimate weights and centers of gravity for a new vessel based on the limited number of inputs available at an early phase of design. It will also address how the development of this tool, which has become a key component of the firm's weight estimating process, has revealed key areas where more specialized tools are required to improve accuracy and efficiency. This has led to Robert Allan Ltd. developing a collection of specialized weight estimating tools and guidelines that address these key areas and cater to the different design phases. Although these tools have evolved to a point where they are widely used throughout the firm, they continue to be modified and upgraded to meet new requirements and include new data.},

keywords = {13. Weight Engineering - Marine},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{3775,

title = {3775. Influence of the Inertia Parameters on a Dynamic Driving Simulator Performances},

author = {Giorgio Previati and Gianpiero Mastinu and Massimiliano Gobbi},

url = {https://www.sawe.org/product/paper-3775},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-05-21},

urldate = {2022-05-21},

booktitle = {81st Annual Conference, Savannah, Georgia},

pages = {14},

publisher = {Society of Allied Weight Engineers, Inc.},

address = {Savannah, Georgia},

abstract = {This paper deals with the analysis of the effects of inaccuracies in the knowledge of the inertia properties of a dynamic driving simulator on the performances of its motion control. Dynamic motion simulators aim to reproduce the motion of a vehicle with a high degree of fidelity. The simulators are moved by actuators up to relatively high frequencies. Special algorithms are used to scale the motion of the actual vehicle in order to comply with the travel allowed by the simulator while maintaining the more significant motion characteristics. Such algorithms are fine tuned to reproduce the feeling of each vehicle and suit the expectations of each user. Therefore, the motion controllers of the driving simulators must be able to accomplish the desired motion. Errors in the knowledge of the inertia parameters of the driving simulator can reduce the performances of the controller and increase the tracking error with respect to the desired trajectory.},

keywords = {05. Inertia Calculations, 31. Weight Engineering - Surface Transportation},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}